“When the Lights Go Out”- a literary symbol of struggle

 In the treasure of Vietnamese realist literature from 1930 to 1945, “When the Lights Go Out” (Tắt đèn) by Ngô Tất Tố stands as a representative work of profound value, both in terms of ideological content and artistic expression. With a realistic, sharp, and deeply humane pen, the author vividly portrays the extreme suffering of Vietnamese peasants under the brutal oppression of the colonial–feudal regime of his time.

The 2017 edition of “When the Lights Go Out” is a heartbreaking, painful cry rising from the depths of a semi-feudal, semi-colonial society. Through the story of Chị Dậu’s family—especially the image of the hardworking, devoted woman—the novel exposes the harsh injustice of the tax system and the corruption of the ruling apparatus. The peasants, who already lived in endless poverty, were pushed into even greater misery by the unreasonable burdens imposed by the authorities. This, in turn, forms the novel’s deep realistic value.

book in 2017

However, “When the Lights Go Out” does not stop at reflecting reality—it also carries a profoundly humanitarian message. The work expresses deep sympathy for the downtrodden, especially peasant women. Through the image of Chị Dậu, a diligent, loving wife and mother, full of sacrifice yet also of determination and courage, Ngô Tất Tố praises the beauty of the Vietnamese peasant woman’s soul and her inner strength. At the same time, he fiercely condemns the cruelty and inhumanity of the colonial officials and native mandarins, while also celebrating the spirit of resistance inherent in the peasants—manifested when Chị Dậu bravely stands up against oppression.

In terms of artistic achievement, the novel demonstrates Ngô Tất Tố’s mastery in constructing characters and narrative situations. Chị Dậu appears vividly and authentically, with rich inner depth—not merely as a victim, but as a symbol of rebellion. Furthermore, the emotional storytelling, simple yet sharp language, and vivid realism all contribute to the novel’s artistic brilliance.

Ultimately, “When the Lights Go Out” is not only a powerful indictment of the corrupt colonial–feudal society but also a heroic song honoring the resilience and moral beauty of Vietnamese peasant women. With its profound realism, humanitarian depth, and masterful narrative art, the work firmly establishes Ngô Tất Tố’s place in the national literary canon and continues to leave an enduring impression on generations of readers—standing as a timeless symbol of the Vietnamese people’s spirit in their struggle for independence.